Thousand of different types of bacteria exist everywhere in our world, and most of them carry on bacterial organic digestion in some way. However, some of them are found only in a particular environment, require specialized types of food, and/or have very unique biological roles (niches).  A bacteria is a single cell life of form - each individual cell is a separate, unique organism. Bacteria often grow into colonies that appear as jelly-like masses, but each cell remains as independent. Bacteria reproduce by a process called cell division. A mature bacteria reproduces by dividing into two cells, each identical to each other and the parent bacteria. Under ideal conditions, bacteria can reproduce very rapidly, producing a new generation every 20 to 30 minutes.

Following this reproduction process, we see that the number of individual bacteria doubles with each generation. The population explodes as the number of organisms increases logarithmically. This population boom begins soon after the bacteria is introduced into a favorable environment, after a short lag time when the bacteria becomes acclimated to the new conditions.

Obviously, this population cannot increase forever. At some point, the food source will be depleted, waste products will accumulate, or some other change in the environment. Will cause the population to level off or decrease (such as a change in pH, temperature, or oxygen content of the environment). Also, introduction of any poisons into the environment may have negative effects on the population, as well as competition from other types of bacteria.

Bacteria can be classified into different types :
     - Aerobic types (which require oxygen to live) 
     - Anaerobic (which can live without oxygen )
     - Facultative types can thrive under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

For waste digestion, we can identify several beneficial characteristics that we want our chosen bacteria to have. The "good" bacteria that we will choose must:

1. Consume (digest) a wide variety of organic material that are present in wastes. 
2. Digest waste quickly and completely, without producing significant odors of noxious gas.
3. Not cause any disease in man or animals - they must be non-pathogenic.
4. Grow and reproduce quickly and readily in the environmental conditions found in waste disposal systems.

Certain bacteria belonging to the Bacillus species have  these desirable characteristics. They consume organic  waste thousands of times faster than the bacteria that are naturally present in the waste. They grow and reproduce easily, are non-pathogenic, and do not produce foul odors or gas as they digest waste.

These "good" bacteria are cultured (grown by artificial means) on liquid or dry nutrient medium. These cultured bacteria are then freeze dried to put them in a state of suspension. They remain alive, ready to swim, eat, and reproduce as soon as they are activated (rehydrated) and put into the proper environment.

The proper environment needed for rapid growth and reproduction of these good bacteria must have these characteristics: 
1. A water medium containing food (organic waste).
2. Dissolved oxygen (for the aerobic types that require it) in sufficient quantities.
3. Proper pH -- not too acid nor too alkaline -- between 6 and 9 on the pH scale.
4. Moderate temperature, between 50 deg °F and 110 deg °F.